Understanding the Liver Function Test (LFT)
INCLUDES: SGOT, SGPT, BILIRUBIN - TOTAL / DIRECT/ INDIRECT, TOTAL PROTEIN, ALBUMIN, GLOBULIN, A/G RATIO
What It Is: The Liver Function Test (LFT) is a group of blood tests that provide insights into the health and function of the liver. These tests measure various enzymes, proteins, and other substances produced by the liver, helping to diagnose and monitor liver diseases.
Why It's Done:
Assessing Liver Health:
The test helps determine the overall health of the liver and its ability to perform essential functions such as metabolism, detoxification, and protein synthesis.
It provides valuable information about liver conditions, including hepatitis, cirrhosis, and fatty liver disease.
Monitoring Health:
This test is useful for individuals with symptoms suggestive of liver dysfunction, such as jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, and unexplained weight loss.
It helps evaluate the effectiveness of treatments and monitor the progression of liver conditions.
Components of the LFT:
Alanine Transaminase (ALT):
An enzyme that helps convert proteins into energy for liver cells. Elevated levels may indicate liver damage.
Aspartate Transaminase (AST):
An enzyme that helps metabolize amino acids. Increased levels may suggest liver or muscle damage.
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP):
An enzyme found in the liver and bones. Higher levels may indicate liver damage or bile duct obstruction.
Total Bilirubin:
A yellow substance produced during the breakdown of red blood cells. Elevated levels may indicate liver or bile duct problems.
Direct (Conjugated) Bilirubin:
The form of bilirubin that has been processed by the liver. Elevated levels may indicate liver or bile duct problems.
Indirect (Unconjugated) Bilirubin:
The form of bilirubin that has not yet been processed by the liver. Elevated levels may indicate excessive red blood cell breakdown or liver dysfunction.
Total Protein and Albumin Levels:
The liver produces several proteins, including albumin. Lower levels may suggest liver damage or disease.
Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT):(done seperately from this profile)
An enzyme involved in bile production. Elevated levels may indicate liver or bile duct issues.
Understanding the Results:
Positive Findings:
Abnormal levels of liver enzymes, proteins, or bilirubin may indicate liver damage or disease and the need for further medical evaluation.
Negative Findings:
Normal levels suggest no significant abnormalities, but further tests may be needed to confirm the diagnosis.
Why Your Doctor Might Order This Test:
Symptoms of Liver Dysfunction:
If you have symptoms such as jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, or unexplained weight loss, this test can help diagnose the underlying cause.
Monitoring Treatment:
For patients undergoing treatment for liver conditions