Understanding Your Mantoux Test (Tuberculin Skin Test)
What It Is: The Mantoux test, also known as the tuberculin skin test (TST), is a method used to screen and diagnose tuberculosis (TB). This test helps determine if an individual has been exposed to the TB bacteria.
How the Test Works:
Preparation: No special preparation is usually needed, but it's always best to follow your healthcare provider's instructions.
Injection: A small amount of tuberculin, which is a protein derived from the TB bacteria, is injected just under the skin on your forearm.
Waiting Period: After the injection, you'll need to wait 48-72 hours before your healthcare provider checks the injection site.
Reading the Results:
Positive Reaction: If you develop a raised, red bump at the injection site, it may indicate that you have been exposed to TB bacteria. The size of the bump helps determine the result.
Negative Reaction: If there's little to no reaction at the injection site, it generally means you have not been exposed to TB bacteria.
Why It's Done:
Screening for TB: The Mantoux test is used to screen for tuberculosis in individuals who may have been exposed to the bacteria.
Diagnosing TB: It helps diagnose active TB infections, especially in people who have symptoms or are at high risk.
Public Health: The test is often used in public health settings to identify and control the spread of TB.
When the Test Is Advised: Your healthcare provider may recommend a Mantoux test if you:
Have been in close contact with someone who has TB
Have symptoms of TB, such as a persistent cough, fever, night sweats, or weight loss
Have a weakened immune system, making you more susceptible to TB
Are planning to travel to or live in a region with high TB rates
Work in healthcare or other settings where TB exposure is more likely
Symptoms of TB:
Persistent cough lasting three weeks or more
Coughing up blood
Chest pain
Fatigue
Weight loss
Fever
Night sweats
If you experience any of these symptoms, it's important to discuss them with your healthcare provider.
Lifestyle and Management: Depending on your results, your healthcare provider might recommend further tests, treatment, or lifestyle changes to manage your health. Regular monitoring and check-ups are essential for managing TB effectively.